The Book of Divine Unity · Hadith 92 (#Ḥadīth #2)

2 - حدثنا محمد بن أحمد الشيباني المكتب رضي الله عنه، قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبي عبد الله الكوفي، قال: حدثنا سهل بن زياد الآدمي، عن عبد العظيم بن عبد الله الحسني، عن الإمام علي بن محمد، عن أبيه محمد بن علي، عن أبيه الرضا علي بن موسى عليهم السلام، قال: خرج أبو حنيفة ذات يوم من عند الصادق عليه السلام، فاستقبله موسى ابن جعفر عليهما السلام فقال له: يا غلام ممن المعصية؟ قال: لا تخلو من ثلاث: إما أن تكون من الله عز وجل، وليست منه فلا ينبغي للكريم أن يعذب عبده بما لا يكتسبه وإما أن تكون من الله عز وجل ومن العبد، وليس كذلك فلا ينبغي للشريك القوي أن يظلم الشريك الضعيف، وإما أن تكون من العبد وهي منه، فإن عاقبه الله فبذنبه وإن عفا عنه فبكرمه وجوده.

2. Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Shaybani al-Mukattib, may Allah be please with him, said: Muhammad ibn Abu `Abd Allah al-Kufi said: Sahl ibn Ziyad al-Adami on the authority of `Abd al-`Azim ibn `Abd Allah al-Hasani on the authority of al-Imam `Ali ibn Muhammad on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn `Ali on the authority of his father al-Rida `Ali ibn Musa that: Abu Hanifah was leaving the presence of al-Sadiq one day, and came across Musa ibn Ja`far , so he asked him : “Young man! What is the source of insubordination?” He answered: There are three possibilities. It is either from Allah, the Mighty and High, or it is not from Him because it does not befit the Gracious that He would punish His Servant for something for which he is not responsible. It could also be from both, Allah, the Mighty and High, and from the servant. This is not the case, however, because it is not proper to suggest that he Strong would oppress the weak. The final option is that insubordination comes from the servant. Therefore, if Allah punished His Servant, it is because of the sins he has committed, and if He forgives His Servant, it is ouit of His Grace and His Generosity.

Gradings are classical jarḥ-wa-taʿdīl, name-matched to a rijāl index (not individually re-verified).