The Source of Traditions on Imam al-Riḍā (Vol 1) · Hadith 262 (#Ḥadīth #54)

54 - حَدَّثَنا مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ القاسِم المفسر الأسترآبادي رَضِىَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: حَدَّثَنا يُوسِف بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زياد وَعَلِىِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سيار، عَن أَبُويهما عَنِ الحَسَن بْنِ عَلِى، عَن أَبيهِ عَلِىِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّد، عَن أَبيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِى، عَن أَبيهِ الرِّضا عَلِىِّ بْنِ مُوسَى a.sُ، عَن أَبيهِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَر a.sُ، عَن أَبِيهِ مُحَمَّد a.sُ، عَن أَبيهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِى a.sُ، عَن أَبيهِ عَلِىِّ بْنِ الحُسَيْن a.sُ، عَن أَبيهِ الحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِى a.sُ، عَن أَبيهِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنين عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِي طالِب a.sُ قالَ: قالَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: قَسَمْتُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي، فَنِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي. وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ: إِذَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَدَأَ عَبْدِي بِاسْمِي، وَحَقٌّ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أُتَمِّمَ لَهُ أُمُورَهُ وَأُبَارِكَ لَهُ فِي أَحْوَالِهِ. فَإِذَا قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ، قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلالُهُ حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ النِّعَمَ الَّتِي لَهُ مِنْ عِنْدِي وَأَنَّ الْبَلايَا الَّتِي دُفِعَتْ عَنْهُ فَبِتَطَوُّلِي، أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي أُضِيفُ لَهُ إِلَى نِعَمِ الدُّنْيَا نِعَمَ الآْخِرَةِ وَأَدْفَعُ عَنْهُ بَلايَا الآْخِرَةِ كَمَا دَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ بَلايَا الدُّنْيَا. فَإِذَا قَالَ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ شَهِدَ لِي بِأَنِّي الرَّحْمَنُالرَّحِيمُ أُشْهِدُكُمْ لاوَفِّرَنَّ مِنْ رَحْمَتِي حَظَّهُ وَلاجْزِلَنَّ مِنْ عَطَائِي نَصِيبَهُ فَإِذَا قَالَ مالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلالُهُ أُشْهِدُكُمْ كَمَا اعْتَرَفَ عَبْدِي أَنِّي مَالِكُ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ لاسَهِّلَنَّ يَوْمَ الْحِسَابِ حِسَابَهُ وَلاتَقَبَّلَنَّ حَسَنَاتِهِ وَلاتَجَاوَزَنَّ، عَن سَيِّئَاتِهِ فَإِذَا قَالَ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ صَدَقَ عَبْدِي إِيَّايَ يَعْبُدُ أُشْهِدُكُمْ لاثِيبَنَّهُ عَلَى عِبَادَتِهِ ثَوَاباً يَغْبِطُهُ كُلُّ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ فِي عِبَادَتِهِ لِي فَإِذَا قَالَ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِيَ اسْتَعَانَ وَإِلَيَّ الْتَجَأَ أُشْهِدُكُمْ لاعِينَنَّهُ عَلَى أَمْرِهِ وَلاغِيثَنَّهُ فِي شَدَائِدِهِ وَلآَخُذَنَّ بِيَدِهِ يَوْمَ نَوَائِبِهِ فَإِذَا قَالَ اهْدِنَا الصِّراطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هَذَا لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ فَقَدِ اسْتَجَبْتُ لِعَبْدِي وَأَعْطَيْتُهُ مَا أَمَّلَ وَآمَنْتُهُ عَمَّا مِنْهُ وَجِلَ قَالَ وَقِيلَ لامِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ a.sُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَخْبِرْنَا، عَن بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَهِيَ مِنْ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ يَقْرَؤُهَا وَيَعُدُّهَا آيَةً مِنْهَا وَيَقُولُ فَاتِحَةُ الْكِتَابِ هِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي.

28-54 The Astarabadi interpreter Muhammad ibn Al-Qasim - may God be pleased with him - narrated that Yusuf ibn Muhammad ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Say’yar quoted on the authority of their fathers, on the authority of Al-Hassan ibn Ali (al-Askari) (s), on the authority of Ali ibn Muhammad (s), on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn Ali (s), on the authority of his father Al-Ridha Ali ibn Musa (s), on the authority of his father Musa ibn Ja’far (s), on the authority of his father Ja’far ibn Muhammad (s), on the authority of his father Muhammad ibn Ali (s), on the authority of his father Ali ibn Al-Hussein (s), on the authority of his father Al-Hussein ibn Ali (s), on the authority of his father Ali ibn Abi Talib (s), on the authority of God’s Prophet (s) that the Honorable the Exalted God said, “I have divided the Opening of the Book (Chapter ‘Al-Fatiha) between Me and My servant. Half of it is Mine and the other half belongs to My servant. My servant can get whatever he asks for. When the servant says, ‘In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful’ God the Exalted the Magnificent will say, ‘My servant started in My Name. It is incumbent upon Me to perfect his affair and Bless his conditions. When he says, ‘Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds’ God - the Exalted the Magnificent - says, ‘My servant expressed My Praise and recognized that the blessings that he possesses are from Me and that the calamities which have been fended off from him have been fended off by My Power. I take you as witnesses that I will add the Blessings of the Hereafter to his worldly blessings, and will fend off the Calamities of the Hereafter from him just as I fended off the worldly calamities from him.’ When he says, ‘Most Gracious, Most Merciful.’ God -the Exalted the Magnificent- will say, ‘My servant testified that I am Gracious and Merciful. I take you to witness that I will increase his share of My Mercy and expand hisshare of My Grace.’ When he says, ‘Master of the Day of Judgment’ God the Exalted the Magnificent will say, ‘I take you as witnesses that as he has testified that I am the Master of the Day of Judgment, I will make his reckoning easy on the Reckoning Day and I will forgive his bad deeds.’ When he says, ‘Thee do we worship…’ God the Honorable the Exalted will say, ‘My servant is right. He only worships Me. Bear witness that I will grant him such a reward for this worshipping that whoever opposes him in this worship will envy him.’ When he says, ‘…and Thine aid we seek’ God the Honorable the Exalted will say, ‘My servant is seeking My Help and is taking refuge in Me. I take you to witness that I will assist him in his affairs and will support him in times of difficulty, and rescue him on days of hardship.’ When he says, ‘Show us the straight way. The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, those whose (portion) is not wrath, and who go not astray’ God the Honorable the Exalted will say, ‘This is My servant. What My servant wants is fulfilled and whatever he wills, will be done. I will protect him against what he fears.’”Imam Al-Hassan ibn Ali Al-Askari (s) added, “And the Commander of the Faithful (s) was asked, ‘O Commander of the Faithful! Please let us know if ‘In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful’ is from the Opening of the Book.’ The Commander of the Faithful (s) replied, ‘Yes. God’s Prophet (s) recited it and considered it to be a part of that verse. God’s Prophet (s) said that the Opening of the Book is the Seven Oft-repeated (verses).’”

Gradings are classical jarḥ-wa-taʿdīl, name-matched to a rijāl index (not individually re-verified).