The Sufficient (Vol 3) · Hadith 693 (#Ḥadīth #3)
Chapter 52 | Reason for Five Takbir in Salah (Prayer) for a Dead Person
3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُهَاجِرٍ عَنْ أُمِّهِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى مَيِّتٍ كَبَّرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى عَلَى الأنْبِيَاءِ وَدَعَا ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَدَعَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ وَدَعَا لِلْمَيِّتِ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَانْصَرَفَ فَلَمَّا نَهَاهُ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ كَبَّرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَصَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ وَدَعَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ وَانْصَرَفَ وَلَمْ يَدْعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Muhajir from his mother “Umm Salamah who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah , say, ‘When performing Salah (prayer) for a deceased, the Messenger of Allah would say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description), then say the two testimonies (I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger). He would then say Takbir then say, “ O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause” and pray for the prophets. Then say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) and pray for the believing people, then say the fourth Takbir and pray for the deceased, then say Takbir and end the Salah (prayer). When Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, prohibited praying for the hypocrites, he (the Messenger of Allah) would say Takbir, say the two testimonies, pray for the prophets, then say Takbir and pray for the believing people then say the fourth Takbir, end the Salah (prayer) and would not pray for the deceased.’”
Gradings are classical jarḥ-wa-taʿdīl, name-matched to a rijāl index (not individually re-verified).